Grinding



Ap 16, 19.29. w. BINNs GRINDING l Filed May 9. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet J9Geo/y Wi m13 y abbot nu! Patented Apr. 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES imiiazui olf-Fica.A

GEORGE w. BINNs, CINCINNATI, oIIIo, AssIGNoR, BY iviEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, ToCINCINNATI GRiNnERs INCORPORATED; 0E CINCINNATI, oHIo, A CoRIoRATIoN OFOHIO.

Application filed May 9,

This invention relates to improvements in grinding and more particularlyto a novel and improved machine for use in the production of formedwork, that is to say of work pieces which are in whole or in part ofcircular form in cross-section ybut which are of different diametersatdifferent points longitudinally thereof. The primary object of thepresent invention is the provision of a machine which Will malte itpossible to produce work of the general character mentioned in acenterless type of grinder and which will thus eliminate the necessityof accurately forming centerspots and mounting such work -on centersprior to the attempted grinding thereof.

A.4 further object of invention is the provision of a novel structurewhich will greatly facilitate introduction and removal of thev workpieces as well as movement of same into the grinding throat of themachine'and will thus greatly increase the possible speed of productionof finished work. I

' Tith these and other objects in view the invention comprises the novel'features f construction vand combination and arrangement of partssubstantially as 'indicated in the accompanying drawings, but it will beunderstood that any modifications may be made in the specific details ofconstruction'within the scope of the appended claims without departingfrom or exceeding the spirit of the invention. Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of a machine embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a transversed section thereof looking in4 the direction ofthe regulating wheel.

F igureS is a fragmentary plan view with the work in operative position.

Figure 4 is an end view of the work receiving throat and associateparts.

Figure 5 is a plan view of grinding wheel truing mechanism. l

Figure 6 is aside elevation thereof.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the work rest block, and

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a work piece. In the drawings, inwhich similar characlters of reference are employced to denote'corresponding parts throughout the several views,the numeral 10designates the'base of the machine having suitably ournaled there-Messori) on the spindle 11 for the grinding wheel 12. This wheel, asindicated by the arrow in Figure 4, has its inner face moving downwardlyor iii the direction toward the bed and is operated at a suitablegrinding speed 'such as a surface-speedof 3,000 or .more feet a minute.

Disposedadjacent the grinding wheel is the slide 13 bearing suitable'journals for spindle 14 of the regulating wheel 15. This'wheel is l ofless diameter than the grinding wheel and is disposed in suitableopposition thereto, its' inner portion or face proximate to the grindingwheel being driven in an upward d irection as indicated by the arrow inFigure 4. r i

This wheel normally operated ata slow rate of speed suchas a' surfacespeed of less than feet a minute. The movement of'this wheel serves tocontrol the rotation of the Work' PGCG S0 that all points thereon willbef 'i properly equallyprescnted to the cutting ac- I tion of the grindingmember 12-` The foregoing mechanism is in general characteristic' ofwhat is termed a centerless grinder. One

distinction, however, is that inthe ordinary-` the operation of themachine although ordi- -tial positioning thereof.

' The present machine, particularly for the production of work pieces ofirregular form. A characteristic type is illustrated in Figure 8, andcomprises Athe cylindrical' body portion 16 having the however, isadapted i enlargement 17, the tapered intermediate portion 18 and theterminal tapered portion 19. In grind-ing such an article it isimpossible to pass the work axially through the wheels.` The Work musttherefore be introduced into' the grinding throat between the wheels 12and v 15in some'rapi'd and convenient manner.

Also, it is necessary that the face of thel grinding wheel bears acomplementary con tour to that of the work to be produced thereby. Thiscontour may be produced as by the l -truing device shown in detail inFigures 5 and 6 for example. Carried` by the hood 20 is the guide ortemplet 21`having a face 22 corresponding to the transversedconfiguration: which it is desired to produce on the grinding wheel. v Y

Pivoted to bracket 23 on the bed 10 is an arm 24 urged inward by thespring 25 on adioo screw 26 carriedbyV the hood of the the slide isadditionally provided with a contact pinor roller' 34 riding on ace 22of templet 21.' l t "1. To true the. grinding wheel to apparticularcontour a templet of corresponding' 'formfis `mounted on the machine andarIn 24,2111w'edfj to swing inward until pin 34l is engaged witl g y v Y-tionedprimari-ly bylengagementfof the sur- V faces 42%44xoathe.grinding wheel with the `.beveled"`surtaees `18`-' 19 of the work. The

the templet.' The diamond 32is then adju ed in its holder to properly'engage the y sur-5l face of the stone and the slide 28 moved back andforth on the grinding wheel 12 thusie-- producing on the stone aperipheral .path cor--` responding in transverse section totheshapeyieldingly forces the diamond inward against the stoneas controlled bythe teniplet. It

will also be noted that if desired the slide as an entirety may beangularly adjusted about the upper endof arm 24, it having a dependedboss' or hub portion 35 fitting into the arm and lateral wings 36 formedwith arcuate slots 37 in-which ride the clamp boltsv 38 for securing theparts in desired position. This angular adjustment serves to vary therelation of the point of the diamond to the stone so that itssurfacemaybe trued oi at an angle.l

bythe employment of a suitable angularly disposedv templet, and thediamond' will 'bel disposed-at right angle to the line of movementthereof. 'In this manner the stone may be shaped for a large variety ofdifferent forms of Work pieces depending upon the particular templetsemployed. a

` The manner in which the contour of the workis produced by the grindingwheel will be best understoodby reference to Figure 3. The grindingwheel is formed with a plane cylindrical v surface. 40 and a cylindricalgroove 43, ythe two being merged by the4 inter-mediate tapering surface42 and the groovebeing bounded at the opposite side by a second taperingwall 44. The surfaces 40 and 43 form respectively the stem 16 andenlargement`17 of the work piece, while the tapering walls of the grooveform thebeveled surfaces 18 and 19. Other configurations such as arcuateor semi-circular grooves may be formed in place of thegroove 33according to the particular work able to produce.

As is customary in the centcrless grinding method the regulating wheel15 is provided to hold the work against the grindingwheel.r Thedistinction,v however, is that in the old which it is desiriorms ofcenterless vgrinding the regulating wheel has continuous contact withthe worlg piece throughout its length. In the present .thattheworkfislproperly engaged near its lends and'bes'tQheld in 'the VVclirectionv toward thegrindingwheel, such engagement serving tdrotategtheworlrpieeeeither,with or f 'trenta.feedingacngn- -rn the form une.,ld2-no 'attempt-k is made vto have the regu` ingwheel .feed thejworlr,but it floats inthe nding throat', being"longitudinallyposiconnectingjiportion 47' sojdisposedfas to be out of.engagementwitltthe fworlr piece, as catedfin Figure 3. Alsilitabletruing device of the gonstruction capable of `transversed lmovement'withvrespect to the regulating wheel andfof withdrawalwhenfnot. in useservesf to pro'ducethe 'two dilferent-diameters and portion v47. Thistruer 'is eonversionally:

illustrated 'at .48.

The mechanism orshifting .the work-finto fand out of operativeposition-and 'holdinge` I' the work during-,actual operation thereof isillustrated in Figure 2.; l

Rising from the slide-13 in alignmentvwith the throat-between thevgrindingand regulat=-- ing wheels are the fron-t' bracket 49 and therearbraclet member 50; having the-arm or extension 51, f li'votedltobracket 49V is thevv 'control lever '.52' having the handleportion 53i A at one'end and having the other end pivotallysecured'tothefnrcations 54f`of vthe work sup'- porting yoke member'." Thismemberli'ty will be notedis ofyokeor U-likefformation Y having the'upperarm 5 6, intermediate por'- tion 57and lower v211111,58 which inoperation .extends into the grinding` throat.' This'larm 58 hasremovably secured-thereto the worksupporting block or rest 5 9 having agrooved surface 60 preferably similar in configuration totheconiiguration of theworkpiece. Arm 58 is further provided with theadjustablev stop 61 secured. in desiredv adjusted position This'stopylengages the as y the lock-nut 62. v end of the workpiece tolimitpessi-bl'e inward movement thereof. Ifde-sired'ftheregulatf;

ing wheel may be mounted "at a slight angle during grinding.

tion of wheels 12. and 15 forming the grindlng throat, holding the workpiecefin this 12o 'j tending to urge the work against--v the'jstop:position until the grinding hasl been performed. An adjustable stopv'63onpofrtion` 130' i 57 of the yoke engages one of the guide arms 64 onmember 50 to limit the upward movement and thus control the amount ofreduction of the work piece. Spring 65 having one end secured to arm 58and the other to the extension 5l on bracket 50 holds the member 55against bracket 50 during the grinding.

VVhenthe grinding is completed raising of handle 53 depresses the innerend of lever 52 and moves member 55 downwardly so that the .work isdepressed from the grinding throat. During this swinging movement theadjustable contact or abutment 66 on lever 52 engages the arm 56at thetermination at the furcations 54 causing the parts to then move togetheras a unit about the pivot 67.

This will cause member 55 to be moved not only downwardly but alsoforwardly as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2 and the full lines inFigure 1, bringing the work piece in advance of the wheels where it maybe readily grasped and removed and 'a new work piece substituted.

It will be noted the construction of the parts just described is suchthat the initial swinging movement of lever 52 will cause a directvertical or downward movement of the U shaped bracket member which willbe held against the support 5() by the tension of spring (55. However,when adjustable -abutment 66 engages the bracket, the bracket and leverwill then. move as' an entirety in an arcuate path to a point whereremoval and replacement of work pieces is facilitated.

From the foregoing description considered in connection with thedrawings, the construction of the machine should be readily understood,and it will be seen in use that the operator first sets the wheels atthe desired width of grinding throat and by adjustment of the stop 63regulates the operative position of the work rest or support within thegrinding throat. These three parts together form the' vertices of aninscribed triangle determining diameter of cyllnder which will be Aproduced by the grinding operation. Lever 53 serves to project thework-receiving block 59 below and forwardly of the grinding andregulating wheels for introduction Reverse or downward' of a work piece.shifting of handle 53 raises the work upwardly in the grindingthroattothe position shown in Figures `2, 3 and 4. In this posi- +"^n thegrinding wheel engages the entire length of the work piece at one sideto pro-v duce the desired contour thereon while the regulating wheelengages the work piece at longitudinally spaced points to accuratelycontrol the speed of the rotation and the positive pressure of the workagainst the grindiig wheel. By this process of work production it isunnecessaryto true the regulating wheel to correspond with thelongitudinal contour of the work, but only to form on it spacedcylindrical portions having the re- ,tionally laterally shitting theworl of a peripheral line of contact between the regulating wheel andthe work.

I claim: l

l. A centerless grinder including opposed grinding and regulatingwheels, the grinding wheel having portion adapted to produce cylindricaland non-cylindrical portions on a work piece, and a.regulating wheelhaving a work controlling portion engaging and urging a cylindricallyshaped portion of the work piece toward the grinding wheel whereby thework is reduced to a contoured form contrageometric to that imposed onthe surface of the grinding wheel and is controlled in its rotation bythe engagement of the regulating wheel with the cylindrical portionthereof.

2. A centerless grinder including a grinding wheel and a regulatingwheel, the grinding wheel having a contoured face andthe regulatingwheel having portions of diierent diameters opposed to high and lowpoints on the contour of the grinding wheel, and means for supporting awork piece in the throat between said grinding and regulating wheelswhereby the portions of different diameter of the regulating wheel holdthe work in engagement with the grinding wheel and against axial tiltingand control the rate ofrotation thereof.

3. A eenterless grinding-machine including a grinding wheel having agroove formed therein and tapering end walls' for the groove, a workxsupport adjacent said grinding wheel, and a regulating wheel opposed tothe grinding wheel to complete the grinding throat, said regulatingwheel having plane portion opposed to the grooved and tapered portionsof the grinding wheel and means for shifting one of the members formingthe three point engagement of the work at the throat to de- 4. Agrinding machine including opposed grinding and regulating wheelsforming a progressively narrowing workl receiving throat, a Work rest,and means for shifting the work rest relative to the narrower portion ofthe lgrinding throat and for addi'- rest relative to the wheels whendisplaced from the throat.

5. A grinding machine including opposed grinding and regulating wheelsforming a grinding throat therebetween, a work rest, adapted to bedisposed adjacent the throat to operatively support a work piece,positive meansffor' urging the work rest to a position vv"the grindingthroat, to press a work piece carried thereby against the wheels.

v6. A machine of the character described y including opposed grindingand regulating wheels 4forming a work-receiving throat therebetween, awork rest, means for vertically shifting the work rest into and out ofthe grindingvthroat and means for laterally shifting the work rest whendisengaged from the grinding throat, and resilient means for Ashiftingthe work rest into position within the grinding throat.

7. A machine of the character described including opposed grinding andregulating wheels forming a work-receiving throat therebetween, a `workrest, means for vertically shifting the 'work rest into and out of the.grinding throat and means for laterally shifting the work rest whendisengaged from the grinding throat, resilient means for shifting thework rest into position .within the grinding throat, and means forlimiting the movement of the work ing throat.

8. A vcenterless grinder including opposed grindingf'and. regulatingwheels, a bracket disposed adjacent said wheels, a lever carried by thebracket, and a work rest pivotally supported by the lever and movableinto and out of the operative position in the grinding throat betweenthe wheels by movement of said lever.

9. A grinding machine including a contoured work support, acorrespondingly contoured grinding member for engaging a work piece onthe support and a regulating member of dissim-ilar contour havingportions for engagement with pre-determination sections only of the workpiece'whereby the work support serves to position the work piece priorto the inception of the grinding action and the grinding member removesthe prescribed Astock therefrom while the selective engagement of theregulating member with the work piece opposes displacement of the workpiece on its rest and controls the rate of rotation thereof.

l0. A centerless grinding machine including opposed grinding-andregulating wheels, a work rest normally disposed between distant opposedportions ofsaid wheels' with its work receiving face'n in the directionof the more proximate portions of said wheels,

. :means associated with the rest for accurately axially positioning awork piecethereon, and means for shifting the work rest in the directionof said opposed portions of said wlieels to forcibly pressing a workpieceinto engagement therewith.

11. A centerless grinder including peripherally opposed grinding andregulating wheels, a work restdisposed -below a plane rest into thegrind 1 the work rest, means for subsequently arcuifroaeis connectingthe axes of said wheels, and means for imparting a downward and forwardwork discharging movement to said work restand an inward and upward workfeeding movement thereto, substantially as and for the purposedescribed. f

l2. A centerless grinder of the character described, including opposedgrinding and regulating wheels and a work rest, means for imparting aninitial vertical movement to the work rest and means for subsequentlyarcuately shifting the work rest to loading position.` y

13. A centerless grinder of the character described, including opposedgrinding and regulating wheels and a work rest, means for imparting aninitial vertical movement to the work rest and means for subsequentlyarcuately shifting the work rest to loading'position, and additionalmeans for automatically returning the work rest to operative positionbetween the grinding and regulating Wheels. 14. A centerless grinder ofthe character described, including opposed grinding and regulatingwheels and a work rest, means for imparting an initial vertical movementto ately shifting the work rest to loading position, additional meansfor automatically returning the work rest to operative position betweenthe grinding and regulating wheels,

and adjusting means for controlling the final operative position of thework rest.

15;l A centerless grinder for the production of nen-cylindrical workpieces including opposed grinding and regulating wheels. having theiroperative faces related to produce the desired shape on a work piece, awork rest, means for accurately positioning a work piece on .the restforintroduction in prescribed position between the grinding and regulatingwheels, and means for shifting.

the rest and positioned Work piece to urge the work into positionbetween said wheels.

'16. A machine for the production of contoured work pieces includingopposed grinding and regulating wheels, said grinding wheel having acontoured work engaging operative face for formation of prescribed shapeon the work piece, a work rest having a substantially similarconformation to receive and position a rough blank thereon, and meansfor shifting the'work rest with its contoured portion in substantialalinement with that of the grinding wheel and to a position where thegrinding wheell will properly act on the supported work piece, theregulating wheel having portions for engagement with the work piece asso shifted to urge same against the grinding wheel and control the rateof rotation of the work piece.

17. A centerless grinder including a supporting bed, opposed grindingand regulating wheels carried thereby, a guide bracket rising from thebed adjacent the wheels and a shiftable yoke member engageable with theguide bracket, said yoke member having a portion subtending the throatbetween grinding andregulating wheels and a portion overlying thethroat, a Work support carried by the subtending portion and meansengaging the overlying portion for shifting the yoke, the bracket havingportions guiding thepyoke in its shifting movement.

18. A machine of the character described including a bed or support,opposed grinding and regulating wheels carried thereby, a

guide bracket disposed on the bed adjacent said wheels, a work shiftingmember engageable with the bracket, means supporting said member forreciprocating and for oscillatory movement, and means for varying theamplitude of said movements.

19. A machineI of the character described including a bed or support,opposed grinding and regulating wheels carried thereby for jointoperation on a work piece when introduced therebetween, a guide bracketdisposed adjacent the Wheels and means associated avith the bracket forcontrolling the introduction: of a Work piece, .said means ineluding amember mounted for consecutive reciprocating and oscillating' movements,means for imparting said movements thereto, and means for varyingtheeective transition point vfrom one to the other of said movements. y

20. A machinev for the production of contoured work pieces having anenlarged central portion and reduced terminal portions including agrinding Wheel having the prescribed contrageometric contour formed inthe operative face thereof, an opposed regulating wheel having anon-contoured cylindrical portion opposing the contoured portion of thegrinding Wheel for lateral engage-- ment with a work piece to urge sameagainst the grmdlng wheel, a support'for the Work piece to be groundhaving lateral engagementwith said work piece, and means for relatlvelyshiftlngisald three work engaging members to introduce the work plece1nto the grooved contoured portion of the grinding wheel andsubsequently vary the relative separation of the parts to insurevproperstock removal from the introduced Work plece.'

GEORGE W. BINNS.

